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Nursing of pleural drainage: For patients with excessive pleural effusion, mediastinum or heart compression, and obvious severe dyspnea, the exudation absorption is slow after drug treatment, the exudation can be extracted through a puncture visual tube to relieve the symptoms and avoid the pleural adhesion and thickening caused by fibrin deposition. Explain the condition to the patient before draining to relieve the strain. Prepare goods and medicines, strictly aseptic operation. The pumping speed can not be too fast, the first time can be pumped 400 ~ 600ml, later can be gradually increased, but not more than 1000ml each time, so as to avoid circulation disorders or shock caused by the sudden reduction of thoracic pressure, mediastinum displacement. During the operation, the patient’s breathing, heart rate and other conditions should be observed at all times. If the patient complains of palpitation, shortness of breath, perspiration, etc. and suggests the occurrence of pleural shock, the operation should be stopped and epinephrine should be injected subcutaneously. The patient should be asked to lie supine or semi-supine and take oxygen rest. After pumping, antituberculous drugs and glucocorticoids can be injected into the pleural cavity according to the needs of the condition, in order to improve the curative effect of local diseases.